Romantic era study sheet (3/08 update)

The times (see beginning of chapter)

1. How the orchestra changed, especially compared to the Classical era orchestra
2. Misc musical characteristics: Rubato, double-stopping, new harmonies
3. How musicians made their living
   


4. opera
• Verdi - popular
  
• Puccini - verismo
  
• Wagner - music-drama
  


5. art song


• Strophic vs through composed, song cycle
• Schubert
• Clara Schumann
  


6. piano


• Virtuosity, mechanical changes, pre-eminance
• Character piece - Chopin
• Character Cycle: Schumann Carnaval
• Bigger pieces: Liszt Transcendental Etudes
  


7. chamber music


• Virtuosity, inc.
• Schubert Trout Pno Quintet
• Clara Schumann Romance Vln/Pno
  


8. absolute vs. program music, new forms and types
   


• Symphonic poem/Tone Poem (same thing)
  
• Concert Overture
• Incidental Music
• Program Symphony
  


9. concerto


• Mendelssohn
  


10. nationalism


• Smetana
• Dvorak
  


11. symphony


• Tchaikovsky (Overture-Fantasy)
• Brahms
  


12. exoticism


• Berlioz
  

Be able to ID what TYPE (genre) the piece is: Opera, art song, character piece, program symphony, tone poem, string quartet, nationalistic symphony, or something else


Movements and Thoughts

• Exoticism
• Absolute vs Program music
  
• Nationalism - how would you write something Nationalistic, anyway?